What did a noblewoman dating back more than 2,100 years look like? This enigmatic question was answered in dramatic fashion when Hunan Museum in Changsha, Hunan province, unveiled a 3D digital image of the human female remains recently, the longest-preserved "wet "human body ever found in China.

2100多年前的貴族女性長什么樣,？這個神秘的問題以戲劇性的方式得到了解答。近日,，湖南博物院公布了一具女性遺骸的三維數(shù)字圖像,，這是中國迄今為止發(fā)現(xiàn)的保存時間最長的“濕”尸。

Xin Zhui, also called Lady Dai, was unearthed from a tomb at the Mawangdui site in 1972 in Changsha. The other two tombs discovered next to hers belonged to her husband Li Cang, the Marquis of Dai, and their son. More than 3,000 artifacts were also uncovered, making it one of the most significant archaeological discoveries of the 20th century in China.

辛追,，也被稱為轪侯夫人,，于1972年在長沙馬王堆遺址出土。在她旁邊發(fā)現(xiàn)的另外兩座墓屬于她的丈夫轪侯利蒼和他們的兒子。遺址中還發(fā)現(xiàn)了3000多件文物,，也是20世紀中國最重要的考古發(fā)現(xiàn)之一,。

When the noblewoman was discovered, her body was found to be intact and in a remarkable state of preservation.

辛追夫人被發(fā)現(xiàn)時，尸體完好無損,，保存狀況極佳,。

Her skin remained moist, her subcutaneous soft tissue had retained its elasticity and some joints were still movable. Even her eyelashes were in place and the lines on her fingers and toes were discernible, leading to the estimation that she was about 50 years old when she died, says Duan Xiaoming, director of Hunan Museum.

她的皮膚濕潤，皮下軟組織具有彈性,，一些關節(jié)仍然可以活動,。湖南省博物館館長段曉明說，甚至連睫毛都還在,，手指和腳趾上的紋路清晰可見,，由此可以推斷她死時大約50歲。

Xin Zhui's face was swollen, deformed and decayed at the time of excavation, making it impossible to know her appearance when she was alive. The 3D digital version of Xin Zhui was based primarily on X-ray scans of her skull.

由于辛追的臉部在發(fā)掘時已經(jīng)發(fā)生腫脹變形,，無法得知她在世時的模樣,，因此3D數(shù)字版的辛追主要是基于頭骨的X光掃描。

The museum released a full-body version of Xin Zhui in a seated position at 35 years old and a head image of her at 50 years old.

博物院發(fā)布了辛追年齡約35歲的全身坐姿版和50歲左右的頭部形象,。

The digital project started last October. To protect Xin Zhui's body, experts did not directly handle it. Instead, they relied on close, multi-angled observations and measurements of the cadaver, practical experience, database sample comparisons, pathological examinations at the time of excavation and research on early Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220) makeup to infer her appearance, demeanor and other physical characteristics.

這個數(shù)字化項目始于去年10月,。為保護文物，專家們不直接接觸辛追夫人遺體,，而是通過多角度近距離觀察測量尸體樣貌,、數(shù)據(jù)庫分類樣本比較、出土時的病理解剖,、出土文物,、漢初時期妝容考證來推斷辛追容貌、氣質,、體態(tài)等形象特征,。

Additionally, they paid special attention to the image of the hunched Xin Zhui depicted in a T-shaped silk painting, which corresponded with lumbar disease symptoms found during the pathological examination of the body. The expert team completed the preliminary facial reconstruction in January of this year. Details of her hairstyle, headwear and clothing are yet to be refined.

此外，同時,，還重點參照了T形帛畫中辛追夫人龍鐘背駝的形象,，也對應了尸體病理解剖發(fā)現(xiàn)的腰椎病癥狀。專家團隊于今年1月初步完成容貌復原工作,，目前發(fā)飾,、頭飾、服飾等細節(jié)還在進一步深化設計中,。

Yuan Zhongbiao, a facial reconstruction expert involved in the digital version of Xin Zhui, says in terms of facial appearance, Xin Zhui was relatively ordinary and not the "noble beauty" expected by the public.

參與“辛追夫人”3D數(shù)字人項目的中國顱面復原專家袁中標表示,，就面部外貌而言，辛追相對普通,，并不是公眾所期望的“高貴美人”,。

"Due to the diversity of facial features, there are similar types but no exact matches. We restored her appearance as accurately as possible," Yuan says.

“人像特征千變萬化,，只有類型相似，而無完全相同,，我們盡可能準確地還原了她的外貌,。”袁中標說,。

After the release of Xin Zhui's digital image, some netizens raised doubts about the depiction, suggesting that the facial features of the marquise, particularly the nose, bear a striking resemblance to Yuan. They suspect that Yuan may have used his own face as a reference in the reconstruction of Xin Zhui's appearance.

辛追夫人的數(shù)字形象發(fā)布后,，一些網(wǎng)民提出了質疑，認為辛追夫人的面部特征,，尤其是鼻子,，與袁中標驚人地相似，懷疑專家是按照自己面容對“辛追夫人”的面容進行的復原,。

In early June, Hunan Museum stated that the digital representation of Xin Zhui has no connection to the face of Yuan, the reconstruction expert.

6月初,，湖南省博物院表示，辛追的數(shù)字形象與重建專家袁中標的臉沒有關系,。

It was not the first time the museum has attempted to restore Xin Zhui's appearance. In 2002, it invited a professor of forensic medicine to reconstruct the facial images at four different ages—7, 18, 30 and 50 years old. The next year, it unveiled a statue of Xin Zhui based on the painted images.

這不是博物院第一次試圖修復辛追的外貌,。2002年，博物院邀請了一位法醫(yī)學教授來重建四個不同年齡的辛追面部圖像——7歲,、18歲,、30歲和50歲，并在第二年推出了以此為基礎的的辛追夫人雕像,。

Explaining why the museum tried repeatedly to reconstruct the noblewoman's appearance, Zhang Xingguo, an assistant researcher at the Hunan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, says that chasing the truth about history is a key part of how humans move forward. "To get closer to what really happened, we need to use scientific methods," Zhang says.

湖南省文物考古研究所助理研究員張興國解釋了為什么博物院一再試圖重建辛追夫人的外貌：“追尋歷史的真相是人類前進的一個關鍵部分，為了更接近真實情況,，我們需要使用科學方法,。”

In June, the digital rendition of Xin Zhui was showcased on large screens at a metro station in Changsha. Plans are underway for an interactive artificial intelligence-driven version of the marquise. Xin Zhui is anticipated to serve as a cultural relics interpreter and engage in real-time conversations with visitors.

今年6月,，辛追夫人3D數(shù)字人形象現(xiàn)身長沙地鐵站電子屏,。一個交互式人工智能驅動版本的辛追夫人計劃正在進行中。未來,，“辛追夫人”AI智能體將用于湖南博物院馬王堆漢墓陳列文物講解,、共情和實時對話等。